Fisioterapia en mulleres con trastornos da conduta alimentaria

Abstract

[Resumo] A Asociación de Bulimia e Anorexia de A Coruña (ABAC) inclúe a área de recuperación física e funcional dentro do seu programa de tratamento multidisciplinar dos trastornos da conduta alimentaria. A Fisioterapia en Saúde Mental non é habitual nestes equipos en España, pero si noutros países. Mediante dous proxectos de aprendizaxe-servizo preténdese cubrir esta necesidade detectada e introducir estes contidos no Grao en Fisioterapia. En coordinación coa área psicolóxica de tratamento desenvolvéronse dúas intervencións de fisioterapia adaptada ás usuarias de ABAC con alumnado do Grao en Fisioterapia, con obxectivos e actividades diferenciadas. 3 alumnos da materia Nutrición e fisioterapia de 3º curso realizaron unha intervención adaptada para o tratamento de lesión ou dor musculoesquelética. A alumna da materia de Traballo de Fin de Grao de 4º curso deseñou e implementou unha intervención de fisioterapia para persoas con TCA dirixida á mellora da imaxe corporal. Participaron 7 usuarias de ABAC. Introducíronse novos contidos de fisioterapia en saúde mental no Grao. Os resultados da intervención de fisioterapia foron positivos en xeral. O alumnado adquiriu as competencias e os resultados de aprendizaxe previstos, pero o seu nivel de reflexión foi variable. A satisfacción entre alumnado, usuarias, profesorado e colaboradoras implicadas foi alta.

[Abstract] The Association of Bulimia and Anorexia of A Coruña (ABAC) includes physical activity in its multidisciplinary treatment of eating disorders. Physiotherapy in mental health is not usually included in multidisciplinary teams in Spain but in other countries. We used two service-learning programs to include physiotherapy in this association and contents about mental health in undergraduate courses of Physiotherapy. In cooperation with the psychological area of treatment, two physiotherapy interventions adapted to ABAC members were developed. These interventions were different and they had different objectives. Three students of the 3rd year Nutrition and physiotherapy course (Bachelor of Physiotherapy) carried out an assessment and treatment of musculoskeletal pain in patients with eating disorders. The student of the 4th year course Bachelor thesis designed and implemented a specific intervention to improve body image in the same kind of patients. Seven users of ABAC participated in both programs. New contents about physiotherapy in mental health were included in the Bachelor of Physiotherapy. The results of the two programs were positive. Students acquired relevant competencies and learning outcomes, but their ability for critical reflection was variable. The satisfaction of students, users, lecturer and the involved staff was high.