Diverse large HIV-1 non-subtype B clusters are spreading among men who have sex with men in Spain

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Diverse large HIV-1 non-subtype B clusters are spreading among men who have sex with men in SpainAuthor(s)
Date
2019-08-03Citation
Delgado E, Benito S, Montero V, Cuevas MT, Fernández-García A, Sánchez-Martínez M, García-Bodas E, Díez-Fuertes F, Gil H, Cañada J, Carrera C, Martínez-López J, Sintes M, Pérez-Álvarez L, Thomson MM; Spanish Group for the Study of New HIV Diagnoses. Diverse large HIV-1 non-subtype B clusters are spreading among men who have sex with men in Spain. Front Microbiol. 2019 Apr 3;10:655.
Abstract
[Abstract] In Western Europe, the HIV-1 epidemic among men who have sex with men (MSM) is
dominated by subtype B. However, recently, other genetic forms have been reported to
circulate in this population, as evidenced by their grouping in clusters predominantly
comprising European individuals. Here we describe four large HIV-1 non-subtype
B clusters spreading among MSM in Spain. Samples were collected in 9 regions.
A pol fragment was amplified from plasma RNA or blood-extracted DNA. Phylogenetic
analyses were performed via maximum likelihood, including database sequences of
the same genetic forms as the identified clusters. Times and locations of the most
recent common ancestors (MRCA) of clusters were estimated with a Bayesian method.
Five large non-subtype B clusters associated with MSM were identified. The largest
one, of F1 subtype, was reported previously. The other four were of CRF02_AG
(CRF02_1; n = 115) and subtypes A1 (A1_1; n = 66), F1 (F1_3; n = 36), and C (C_7;
n = 17). Most individuals belonging to them had been diagnosed of HIV-1 infection
in the last 10 years. Each cluster comprised viruses from 3 to 8 Spanish regions and
also comprised or was related to viruses from other countries: CRF02_1 comprised
a Japanese subcluster and viruses from 8 other countries from Western Europe,
Asia, and South America; A1_1 comprised viruses from Portugal, United Kingom, and
United States, and was related to the A1 strain circulating in Greece, Albania and
Cyprus; F1_3 was related to viruses from Romania; and C_7 comprised viruses from
Portugal and was related to a virus from Mozambique. A subcluster within CRF02_1 was
associated with heterosexual transmission. Near full-length genomes of each cluster
were of uniform genetic form. Times of MRCAs of CRF02_1, A1_1, F1_3, and C_7
were estimated around 1986, 1989, 2013, and 1983, respectively. MRCA locations
for CRF02_1 and A1_1 were uncertain (however initial expansions in Spain in Madrid
and Vigo, respectively, were estimated) and were most probable in Bilbao, Spain, for
F1_3 and Portugal for C_7. These results show that the HIV-1 epidemic among MSM in
Spain is becoming increasingly diverse through the expansion of diverse non-subtype B
clusters, comprising or related to viruses circulating in other countries.
Keywords
HIV-1
Molecular epidemiology
Phylogeny
Phylodynamics
Men who have sex with men
Subtypes
Circulating recombinant forms
Clusters
Molecular epidemiology
Phylogeny
Phylodynamics
Men who have sex with men
Subtypes
Circulating recombinant forms
Clusters
Description
Original research
Editor version
Rights
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0)
ISSN
1664-302X