Spatial integration for firm and load-following wind generation
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Spatial integration for firm and load-following wind generationAutor(es)
Data
2024Cita bibliográfica
Javier López Prol et al 2024 Environ. Res. Lett. 19 094026. 10.1088/1748-9326/ad5d7d
Resumo
[Abstract]: Wind power has considerable potential to decarbonise electricity systems due to its low cost and wide availability. However, its variability is one factor limiting uptake. We propose a simple analytical framework to optimise the distribution of wind capacity across regions to achieve a maximally firm or load-following profile. We develop a novel dataset of simulated hourly wind capacity factors (CFs) with bias correction for 111 Chinese provinces, European countries and US states spanning ten years (∼10 million observations). This flexible framework allows for near-optimal analysis, integration of demand, and consideration of additional decision criteria without additional modelling. We find that spatial integration of wind resources optimising the distribution of capacities provides significant benefits in terms of higher CF or lower residual load and lower variability at sub-, quasi- and inter-continental levels. We employ the concept of
firmness as achieving a reliable and certain generation profile and show that, in the best case, the intercontinental interconnection between China, Europe and the US could restrict wind CFs to within the range of 15%–40% for 99% of the time. Smaller configurations corresponding to
existing electricity markets also provide more certain and reliable generation profiles than isolated individual regions
Palabras chave
Energy transition
Descarbonisation
Transmission
Variable renewable energy
Wind power
Descarbonisation
Transmission
Variable renewable energy
Wind power
Versión do editor
Dereitos
Atribución 3.0 España
ISSN
1748-9326