O sector do transporte de viaxeiros por estrada na Galicia actual

Abstract

[Resumo]: Nos últimos anos, o sector do transporte de viaxeiros por estrada na comunidade autónoma de Galicia sufriu numerosos cambios, principalmente debido ás actualizacións da normativa vixente. Entra en funcionamento o Plan de Modernización do transporte público, e con el, saen a concurso numerosos servizos, creándose ademáis unha nova modalidade de transporte: o servizo integrado. No presente traballo realízase unha análise económica – financeira das empresas de transporte de viaxeiros por estrada galegas, a partir da información financeira extraída do Sistema de Análise de Balances Ibéricos (SABI). Con isto, preténdese estudar a evolución do sector dende o ano 2004 ata o 2018, para saber en que situación se atopaba no momento do cambio da normativa, e como lles vai afectar esta. Pódese observar que hai un grupo predominante, que foi gañando cota de mercado durante o período de estudo, porén, a súa rendibilidade non remata tan favorable como era de esperar. Por outra banda, o resto do sector formado principalmente por PYME’s, tampouco mostra unha evolución vantaxosa despois de verse sumamente afectado pola crise económica-financeira sufrida no 2008, podendo ser este un novo punto de inflexión para moitas destas compañías.

[Abstract]: In the last years, the Passenger Road Transport Sector in the Autonomous Community of Galicia has undergone numerous changes, mainly due to the updating of current regulations. The Public Transport Modernisation Plan came into operation, and with it, numerous services were put out to an external tender and a new mode of transport was also created: the integrated service. This paper carries out an economic-financial analysis of Galician road passenger transport companies based on financial information extracted from the Iberian Balance Sheet Analysis System (SABI). The aim is to study the evolution of the sector from 2004 to 2018, in order to find out what the situation was at the time of the change in regulations, and how it will affect them. It can be observed that there is a predominant group, which has been garnering market share during the study period, however, its profitability does not end up as favourable as expected. On the other hand, the rest of the sector, mainly made up of SMEs, is also not showing an advantageous evolution after being severely affected by the economic and financial crisis suffered in 2008, which could be a new turning point for many of these companies.