Self‐aggregated dinuclear lanthanide(III) complexes as potential bimodal probes for magnetic resonance and optical imaging
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Self‐aggregated dinuclear lanthanide(III) complexes as potential bimodal probes for magnetic resonance and optical imagingAuthor(s)
Date
2013-08-26Citation
Regueiro‐Figueroa, M. , Nonat, A. , Rolla, G. A., Esteban‐Gómez, D. , de Blas, A. , Rodríguez‐Blas, T. , Charbonnière, L. J., Botta, M. and Platas‐Iglesias, C. (2013), Self‐Aggregated Dinuclear Lanthanide(III) Complexes as Potential Bimodal Probes for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging. Chem. Eur. J., 19: 11696–11706.
Abstract
[Abstract] Homodinuclear lanthanide complexes (Ln=La, Eu, Gd, Tb, Yb and Lu) derived from a bis‐macrocyclic ligand featuring two 2,2′,2′′‐(1,4,7,10‐tetraazacyclododecane‐1,4,7 triyl)triacetic acid chelating sites linked by a 2,6‐bis(pyrazol‐1‐yl)pyridine spacer (H2L3) were prepared and characterized. Luminescence lifetime measurements recorded on solutions of the EuIII and TbIII complexes indicate the presence of one inner‐sphere water molecule coordinated to each metal ion in these complexes. The overall luminescence quantum yields were determined (∅H2O=0.01 for [Eu2(L3)] and 0.50 for [Tb2(L3)] in 0.01 MTRIS/HCl, pH 7.4; TRIS=tris(hydroxymethyl)aminomethane), pointing to an effective sensitization of the metal ion by the bispyrazolylpyridyl unit of the ligand, especially with Tb. The nuclear magnetic relaxation dispersion (NMRD) profiles recorded for [Gd2(L3)] are characteristic of slowly tumbling systems, showing a low‐field plateau and a broad maximum around 30 MHz. This suggests the occurrence of aggregation of the complexes giving rise to slowly rotating species. A similar behavior is observed for the analogous GdIII complex containing a 4,4′ dimethyl‐2,2′‐bipyridyl spacer ([Gd2(L1)]). The relaxivity of [Gd2(L3)] recorded at 0.5 T and 298 K (pH 6.9) amounts to 13.7 mM−1 s−1. The formation of aggregates has been confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) experiments, which provided mean particle sizes of 114 and 38 nm for [Gd2(L1)] and [Gd2(L3)], respectively. TEM images of [Gd2(L3)] indicate the formation of nearly spherical nanosized aggregates with a mean diameter of about 41 nm, together with some nonspherical particles with larger size.
Keywords
Europium
Gadolinium
Lanthanides
Luminescence
Magnetic resonance imaging
Gadolinium
Lanthanides
Luminescence
Magnetic resonance imaging
Editor version
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This is the peer reviewed version of the following article: Regueiro‐Figueroa, M. , Nonat, A. , Rolla, G. A., Esteban‐Gómez, D. , de Blas, A. , Rodríguez‐Blas, T. , Charbonnière, L. J., Botta, M. and Platas‐Iglesias, C. (2013), Self‐Aggregated Dinuclear Lanthanide(III) Complexes as Potential Bimodal Probes for Magnetic Resonance and Optical Imaging. Chem. Eur. J., 19: 11696–11706, which has been published in final form at https://doi.org/10.1002/chem.201301231. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Use of Self-Archived Versions.
ISSN
0947-6539
1521-3765
1521-3765