Diagnose da protección social en España no marco da Estratexia Europa 2020

Abstract

[Resumo] O obxectivo quinto da Estratexia Europa 2020, relativo á loita contra a pobreza e a exclusión social, constitúe un dos seus piares fundamentais. Neste marco, o traballo que agora se presenta realiza un diagnóstico da pobreza e a protección social en España tras a recente crise económica, cunha metodoloxía que combina a análise descritiva con modelos econométricos –regresións lineais medidas por MCo– tendo en conta a evolución da economía e do mercado laboral; ademais, compleméntase coa medición da pobreza a través do emprego e a desigualdade no contexto europeo. os resultados indican que o empeoramento da situación económica e do emprego influíu negativamente nas taxas de pobreza, tanto en España como en Europa. No caso de España, de por parte, o aumento do gasto en protección social non foi suficiente para cubrir os altos índices de desemprego causados pola crise, o que motivou un aumento da pobreza intimamente relacionado co ciclo económico. Por tanto, podemos predicir que o obxectivo quinto da Estratexia Europa 2020, seguindo coa tendencia actual, non vai acadarse.

[Abstract] Among the key objectives of the Europe 2020 Strategy, the fight against poverty and social exclusion (goal five) has become a mainstay. In this context, our work makes a diagnosis of poverty and social protection in Spain following the recent economic crisis. The methodology combines the descriptive analysis with econometric models via OLS linear regressions measures. Our research focuses on the Spanish case where the analysis of poverty and social protection is discussed in the light of developments in the economy and labour market. In addition, this work is complemented by measuring poverty through employment and inequality in the European context. The results indicate that the worsening economic and employment situation has impacted negatively on poverty rates for both Spain and Europe. In the case of Spain, the increased spending on social protection has not been enough to cover the high unemployment caused by the crisis. This has led to increased poverty closely linked to the economic cycle. Therefore, we predict that the target five of the E2020 Strategy, following the current trend, it will not come to pass.