Diastereoselective Synthesis of Piperidine Imino Sugars Using Aldol Additions of Metalated Bislactim Ethers to Threose and Erythrose Acetonides
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Diastereoselective Synthesis of Piperidine Imino Sugars Using Aldol Additions of Metalated Bislactim Ethers to Threose and Erythrose AcetonidesAutor(es)
Data
2008-02-27Cita bibliográfica
Ruiz, M.; Ruanova, T. M.; Blanco, O.; Núñez, F.; Pato, C.; Ojea, V. Diastereoselective Synthesis of Piperidine Imino Sugars Using Aldol Additions of Metalated Bislactim Ethers to Threose and Erythrose Acetonides. J. Org. Chem. 2008, 73 (6), 2240–2255. https://doi.org/10.1021/jo702601z.
Resumo
[Abstract] A general strategy for the synthesis of 1-deoxy-azasugars from a chiral glycine equivalent and 4-carbon building blocks is described. Diastereoselective aldol additions of metalated bislactim ethers to matched and mismatched erythrose or threose acetonides and intramolecular N-alkylation (by reductive amination or nucleophilic substitution) were used as key steps. The dependence of the yield and the asymmetric induction of the aldol addition with the nature of the metallic counterion of the azaenolate and the γ-alkoxy protecting group for the erythrose or threose acetonides has been studied. The stereochemical outcome of the aldol additions with tin(II) azaenolates has been rationalized with the aid of density functional theory (DFT) calculations. In accordance with DFT calculations with model glyceraldehyde acetonides, high trans,syn,anti-selectivitity for the matched pairs and moderate to low trans,anti,anti-selectivity for the mismatched ones may originate from (1) the intervention of solvated aggregates of tin(II) azaenolate and lithium chloride as the reactive species and (2) favored chair-like transition structures with a Cornforth-like conformation for the aldehyde moiety. DFT calculations indicate that aldol additions to erythrose acetonides proceed by an initial deprotonation, followed by coordination of the alkoxy-derivative to the tin(II) azaenolate and final reorganization of the intermediate complex through pericyclic transition structures in which the erythrose moiety is involved in a seven-membered chelate ring. The preparative utility of the aldol-based approach was demonstrated by application in concise routes for the synthesis of the glycosidase inhibitors 1-deoxy-d-allonojirimycin, 1-deoxy-l-altronojirimycin, 1-deoxy-d-gulonojirimycin, 1-deoxy-d-galactonojirimycin, 1-deoxy-l-idonojirimycin and 1-deoxy-d-talonojirimycin.
Palabras chave
Imino sugars
Polyhydroxylated piperidines
Aldol addition
Metalated bislactim ether
Density functional theory calculations
Polyhydroxylated piperidines
Aldol addition
Metalated bislactim ether
Density functional theory calculations
Descrición
Author accepted manuscript
Versión do editor
ISSN
1520-6904
0022-3263
0022-3263