The long shadow of charity in the Spanish hospital system, c. 1870-1942
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The long shadow of charity in the Spanish hospital system, c. 1870-1942Data
2019Cita bibliográfica
Vilar Rodríguez, M. & Pons Pons, J. (2019). The long shadow of charity in the Spanish hospital system, c. 1870-1942. Social History, 44(3), 317-342. DOI: 10.1080/03071022.2019.1618577
Resumo
[Abstract]: One of the key historical changes related to the increase in overall welfare for the
population of Europe was the provision of sickness coverage. Public and private
hospital charity was focused almost exclusively on the poor and marginalized until well
into the nineteenth century. In the late nineteenth century, in most industrialized
countries, the coverage of social risks in general and the risk of sickness in particular
came from four basic sectors with different weighting according to country: the state,
the market, the traditional family network (which was less robust in urban areas), and
solidarity among workers. Historians have shown that, across time, hospital systems
tended to be created in developed countries where at least one of these public or private
elements was prominent. Spain provides an excellent case study of how a country in
Western Europe made modest progress with respect to its hospital system between the
1880s and 1930s in a context of low coverage capacity in all four of the areas that
comprise the mixed economy of welfare. Changes to the hospital map occurred above
all during the 1920s and 1930s with the emergence of new actors responding to new
demands: companies that created hospitals for workplace victims; friendly societies;
insurance companies; and medical specialists who set up clinics and polyclinics to
attend to an emerging middle class. Despite this, the majority of the working population
lacked hospital coverage due to the state’s inability to establish a health insurance
scheme in a country with a predominance of agricultural workers without regular work
or wages
Palabras chave
Charity
Welfare
Sickness
Hospital
Spain
Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
Welfare
Sickness
Hospital
Spain
Nineteenth and Twentieth Centuries
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Atribución-NoComercial-SinDerivadas 4.0
ISSN
0307-1022