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http://hdl.handle.net/2183/37838 Edad relativa, minutos de competición y debut en fútbol profesional
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Rodríguez Lorenzo, L., & Martín Acero, R. (2019). Edad relativa, minutos de competición y debut en fútbol profesional. Apunts: Educación física y deportes, 138, 40-50. https://doi.org/10.5672/APUNTS.2014-0983.ES.(2019/4).138.03
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Abstract
[Resumen]:
El objetivo de estudio fue analizar el efecto de la edad relativa
(RAE) en todas las categorías formativas de un club de fútbol
profesional, e identificar si este afecta al tiempo de participación
de los jugadores en competición y a sus posibilidades de debutar
en el fútbol profesional. Se analizó la distribución de las fechas
de nacimiento de 334 futbolistas de élite del Real Club Deportivo
de la Coruña: 195 jugadores en edades de formación (GCI) divididos en 11 subgrupos correspondientes a sus categorías de edad
(U9-U23), 110 jugadores profesionales (GPE) y 29 jugadores que
debutaron en partido oficial con el primer equipo del club desde
de las categorías inferiores (GE). Se calculó la suma de todos los
minutos disputados por un futbolista en competición oficial durante una temporada. Los resultados del test ji cuadrado demostraron
la existencia de RAE en los 3 grupos de jugadores analizados
y en todos los subgrupos de edad de los jugadores del GCI. El
RAE fue significativamente menor en el GPE en comparación
con los grupos GCI y GE (Mann–Whitney U-test, p<.05). No
se encontraron diferencias en el número de minutos disputados
en función del semestre de nacimiento. Estos hallazgos sugieren
que en los equipos de élite el RAE se origina fundamentalmente
en el proceso de detección de talentos de todas las etapas, pero
sobre todo de las de los más pequeños, y se mantiene a lo largo de
todas las categorías inferiores, influyendo en las posibilidades de
debutar con el primer equipo.
[Abstract]: The purpose of this study was to analyse the relative age effect (RAE) in all age categories in the development programme of a professional football club and to identify whether playing time and the chances of debut in the first team are influenced by the RAE. We examined the birthdate distributions of 334 elite football players from Real Club Deportivo de la Coruña: 195 young soccer players (DTG) divided into 11 age groups (U-9 to U-23), 110 professional players (FTG), and 29 players who debuted in competitive matches with the club’s first team from the youth development programme (EG). Playing time was calculated by adding up all the minutes played by a player in official competition during a season. The Chi-square test results show that the RAE exists in the 3 groups and in all the 11 age groups of the DTG players. The RAE was significantly lower in the FTG compared to the DTG and EG groups (Mann-Whitney U test, p<.05). There were no differences in playing minutes between players born in the first half of the year or in the second half of the year. These findings suggest that the RAE in elite clubs originates fundamentally in the talent selection process in all categories, but mainly in the youngest ones, and is maintained in all the lower categories, influencing the chances of making a first-team debut.
[Abstract]: The purpose of this study was to analyse the relative age effect (RAE) in all age categories in the development programme of a professional football club and to identify whether playing time and the chances of debut in the first team are influenced by the RAE. We examined the birthdate distributions of 334 elite football players from Real Club Deportivo de la Coruña: 195 young soccer players (DTG) divided into 11 age groups (U-9 to U-23), 110 professional players (FTG), and 29 players who debuted in competitive matches with the club’s first team from the youth development programme (EG). Playing time was calculated by adding up all the minutes played by a player in official competition during a season. The Chi-square test results show that the RAE exists in the 3 groups and in all the 11 age groups of the DTG players. The RAE was significantly lower in the FTG compared to the DTG and EG groups (Mann-Whitney U test, p<.05). There were no differences in playing minutes between players born in the first half of the year or in the second half of the year. These findings suggest that the RAE in elite clubs originates fundamentally in the talent selection process in all categories, but mainly in the youngest ones, and is maintained in all the lower categories, influencing the chances of making a first-team debut.
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