Functional Relevance of Resistance Training-Induced Neuroplasticity in Health and Disease
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Functional Relevance of Resistance Training-Induced Neuroplasticity in Health and DiseaseAutor(es)
Fecha
2020-12-28Cita bibliográfica
Hortobágyi, T., Granacher, U., Fernandez-del-Olmo, M., Howatson, G., Manca, A., Deriu, F., Taube, W., Gruber, M., Márquez, G., Lundbye-Jensen, J., & Colomer-Poveda, D. (2021). Functional relevance of resistance training-induced neuroplasticity in health and disease. Neuroscience & Biobehavioral Reviews, 122, 79-91. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neubiorev.2020.12.019
Resumen
[Abstract] Repetitive, monotonic, and effortful voluntary muscle contractions performed for just a few weeks, i.e., resistance training, can substantially increase maximal voluntary force in the practiced task and can also increase gross motor performance. The increase in motor performance is often accompanied by neuroplastic adaptations in the central nervous system. While historical data assigned functional relevance to such adaptations induced by resistance training, this claim has not yet been systematically and critically examined in the context of motor performance across the lifespan in health and disease. A review of muscle activation, brain and peripheral nerve stimulation, and imaging data revealed that increases in motor performance and neuroplasticity tend to be uncoupled, making a mechanistic link between neuroplasticity and motor performance inconclusive. We recommend new approaches, including causal mediation analytical and hypothesis-driven models to substantiate the functional relevance of resistance training-induced neuroplasticity in the improvements of gross motor function across the lifespan in health and disease.
Palabras clave
Maximal voluntary contraction (MVC)
Strength training
Electromyography (EMG)
Transcranial magnetic brain stimulation (TMS)
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
Athletic performance
Aging
Parkinson's disease
Multiple sclerosis
Stroke
Directed acyclic graphs
Causal mediation analysis
Strength training
Electromyography (EMG)
Transcranial magnetic brain stimulation (TMS)
Electroencephalography (EEG)
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI)
Athletic performance
Aging
Parkinson's disease
Multiple sclerosis
Stroke
Directed acyclic graphs
Causal mediation analysis
Versión del editor
Derechos
Atribución 4.0 Internacional
ISSN
0149-7634