GANDALF: Generative adversarial networks for disentangling and learning framework

Manteiga, MiniaSantoveña, RaúlÁlvarez, M. A.Pérez Couto, XabierDafonte, CarlosRegueiro Feal, Ángel2026-09-112026-09-112026-08-28Regueiro, Á., Santoveña, R., Álvarez, M.A., Pérez-Couto, X., Manteiga, M. y Dafonte, C., 2026. GANDALF: Generative adversarial networks for disentangling and learning framework. SoftwareX [en línea], vol. 35, art. 102957. [Consulta: 11 septiembre 2026]. ISSN 2352-7110. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.softx.2026.102957https://hdl.handle.net/2183/49214[Abstract] Artificial Neural Networks (ANNs) are widely used in astronomical spectroscopy to analyse stellar spectra, which encode rich information about the physical and chemical properties of stars. In tasks such as the identification of stellar chemical abundance patterns (chemical tagging), performance improves when the parameters of interest are isolated and the influence of others is reduced. With this objective, we present GANDALF (Generative Adversarial Networks for Disentangling And Learning Framework), a software framework that is specifically designed to improve ANN performance through the use of generative adversarial networks. By projecting the stellar spectra into a latent space, where the influence of one or several physicochemical properties is reduced while others are emphasised, it becomes possible to amplify the information associated with specific properties. Moreover, our software can be used to reconstruct new spectra by modifying the disentangled parameters, working as a generative model. Additionally, it includes an interactive visualiser that allows users to explore the data and manually modify its disentangled parameters. The effectiveness of GANDALF has been demonstrated using data from two broadly used astronomical surveys, the Apache Point Observatory Galactic Evolution Experiment (APOGEE) and Gaia’s Radial Velocity Spectrometer (RVS), where it yielded low coefficients of determination (𝑅2 ≈ 0.22 ± 0.12) for the parameters that were suppressed, while preserving high values for those that were retained. GANDALF is publicly available on SPACIOUS (Science PlAtform Cloud Infrastructure for Outsize Usage Scenarios), where it is provided together with the corresponding datasets and tutorials.engAttribution-NonCommercial 4.0 Internationalhttp://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/Machine learningDisentangled learningGenerative adversarial networksAPOGEEGaiaAstrophysicsGANDALF: Generative adversarial networks for disentangling and learning frameworkjournal articleopen access10.1016/j.softx.2026.102957