Optimal Sizing of Storage Using Representative Days for Spain Industrial Prosumers

Abstract

[Abstract] Photovoltaic panel is one of the most promising technology for leading the electrical transition. A recent reduction in the prices of wind turbines and photovoltaic modules has driven the implementation of these technologies as central elements in the energy transition, even in light of their intermittent production. This paper investigates the impact of battery prices on the sizing of a new Battery Energy Storage System (BESS) and assesses the economic viability of this solution in photovoltaic installations. To this end, an optimization model and a methodology using representative days were developed to size the battery, complemented by dividing the year into smaller intervals for a faster system evaluation. Historical data from the companies Alpha and Bravo in Spain, both consumers and PV producers, were employed to validate the case study enriching the literature and providing practical insights on energy efficiency. The study examines the impact of battery installation costs on the annual energy cost for both companies, showing that cost reduction is greater for Bravo (up to 6%) than for Alpha (1.7%), with significant gains when the battery cost is below €200/kWh. However, as current prices exceed €300/kWh, the economic attractiveness of this solution remains limited for the time being regarding these companies.