Dicyanamide-Perovskites at the Edge of Dense Hybrid Organic–Inorganic Materials

Abstract

[Abstract] Hybrid organic–inorganic ABX3 perovskites with dicyanamide-ligands (dca: [N(CN)2]−) on the X-site are emerging as a distinct group of materials courtesy of their multifunctional properties. Here we present an in-depth analysis of the members of this dicyanamide perovskite family, where the presence of the 5 atom-long dca ligand gives rise to relatively open crystal structures - especially when compared with other dense hybrids such as perovskite formates, and which has a profound influence on their chemistry and properties. We compile the synthetic procedures used to obtain these compounds, along with their chemical and structural properties. In terms of their functional properties, dicyanamide-perovskites have already shown an enormous potential for future applications, such as dielectric or magnetic switches, eco-friendly barocaloric refrigerants at low-pressure and room-temperature, or precursors for oil-recovery nanomaterials and thermoelectric glasses, as reviewed here. Additionally, we highlight several emerging phenomena in this family, and anticipate areas with room for development in the field.