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http://hdl.handle.net/2183/23503 Dos modelos pedagógicos con y en la naturaleza: Los Exploradores de España y el Frente de Juventudes
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Cruz Orozco, José Ignacio
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Cruz Orozco, J. (2019). Two Pedagogical Models and their Relationship with Nature. Sarmiento. Revista Galego-Portuguesa De Historia Da Educación, 22, 37-50. https://doi.org/10.17979/srgphe.2018.22.0.5474
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Abstract
[Resumen] Este artículo analiza la aparición de los campamentos juveniles, uno de los
nuevos mecanismos de intervención pedagógica no formal, en los cuales se plasmaron los
cambios del rol social experimentado por la juventud en las sociedades europeas durante las
primeras décadas del siglo XX. Aunque el contacto con la naturaleza resultaba innovador,
hubo diversos modelos de aplicación con orientación dispar. Este trabajo se centra en las dos
más relevantes que se dieron en la España de la primera mitad del siglo XX. El primero puesto
en marcha por Los Exploradores de España, la organización que introdujo el escultismo en
nuestro país. El segundo planteado por el Frente de Juventudes, la entidad responsable de la
política de juventud durante el franquismo. Tras un estudio de sus principales características
y del discurso en que se sustentaban, concluimos que el primero desarrolló un programa
formativo con la naturaleza, en el cual se pueden identificar interesantes elementos conservacionistas,
mientras que en la propuesta falangista, el campamento fue más bien un medio
en la naturaleza para inculcar el ideario nacional-sindicalista.
[Abstract] This article analyzes the emergence of youth camps, one of the new mechanisms of informal education which reflect the changing social roles experienced by young people in European societies during the early decades of the 20th century. Although the idea of being in contact with nature was innovative, different models with a wide variation in focus were applied. This article centers on the two most important models developed in Spain in the 1950s. The first of these was implemented by the Spanish Explorers, the organization that introduced our country to scouting. The second model was proposed by the Youth Front, the organization responsible for youth policy during Franco’s regime. After examining the main characteristics and fundamental ideas behind these two models, we conclude that the former developed an educational program in line with nature, featuring interesting conservationist elements, while in the latter, put forth by the Falange, the camps served more as a means in a natural setting to instill the ideology of the national trade union.
[Abstract] This article analyzes the emergence of youth camps, one of the new mechanisms of informal education which reflect the changing social roles experienced by young people in European societies during the early decades of the 20th century. Although the idea of being in contact with nature was innovative, different models with a wide variation in focus were applied. This article centers on the two most important models developed in Spain in the 1950s. The first of these was implemented by the Spanish Explorers, the organization that introduced our country to scouting. The second model was proposed by the Youth Front, the organization responsible for youth policy during Franco’s regime. After examining the main characteristics and fundamental ideas behind these two models, we conclude that the former developed an educational program in line with nature, featuring interesting conservationist elements, while in the latter, put forth by the Falange, the camps served more as a means in a natural setting to instill the ideology of the national trade union.
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Atribución-CompartirIgual 4.0 España


