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https://hdl.handle.net/2183/46256 Análisis económico-financiero de las principales plataformas de streaming durante el período 2019-2023
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García Peón, Nerea
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[Resumen]: El presente trabajo tiene como objetivo analizar la situación económico-financiera de las principales plataformas de streaming a nivel mundial – Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+ y HBO Max – durante el período 2019-2023. Para ello, se ha desarrollado un estudio comparativo basado en el análisis de sus estados financieros mediante técnicas de análisis horizontal y vertical, y el cálculo de ratios que permiten evaluar la solvencia, liquidez, endeudamiento y rentabilidad de cada compañía.
El estudio se enmarca en el contexto de una transformación acelerada del sector audiovisual, impulsada por la evolución tecnológica, el cambio en los hábitos de consumo y el impacto de la pandemia del COVID-19. A partir del análisis de las estructuras patrimoniales y financieras, se identifican las estrategias de inversión y financiación que han permitido a estas plataformas consolidar su posición en un mercado altamente competitivo.
Los resultados evidencian que, si bien todas las plataformas han fortalecido su capital y ampliado su base de suscriptores, existen diferencias significativas en sus modelos de negocio. Netflix y HBO Max destacan por su apuesta en contenido original y activos intangibles, mientras que Amazon potencia su infraestructura física en consonancia con su diversificación, y Disney capitaliza el reconocimiento de sus franquicias para afianzar su competitividad.
Este análisis integral ofrece claves estratégicas para comprender las dinámicas financieras del sector streaming y aporta una perspectiva académica para entender el éxito diferenciado de las plataformas en un contexto marcado por la saturación del mercado.
[Abstract]: García Peón 3 Análisis Económico-Financiero de las Principales Plataformas de Streaming Abstract This study aims to analyze the economic-financial situation of the leading global streaming platforms—Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+, and HBO Max—during the period 2019-2023. A comparative analysis is conducted using horizontal and vertical financial statement analysis techniques, along with liquidity, solvency, leverage, and profitability ratios to evaluate each company's performance. The results reveal that, while all platforms have strengthened their capital and expanded their subscriber base, significant differences exist in their business models. Netflix and HBO Max stand out for their focus on original content and intangible assets, Amazon leverages physical infrastructure aligned with its diversification strategy, and Disney capitalizes on the recognition of its franchises to reinforce competitiveness. This comprehensive analysis provides strategic insights into the financial dynamics of the streaming sector and offers an academic perspective to understand the differentiated success of these platforms in a market marked by saturation and evolving consumer demands. The research is framed within the context of rapid transformation in the audiovisual sector, driven by technological evolution, shifting consumption habits, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. By examining patrimonial and financial structures, the study identifies investment and financing strategies that have enabled these platforms to consolidate their positions in a highly competitive market.
[Abstract]: García Peón 3 Análisis Económico-Financiero de las Principales Plataformas de Streaming Abstract This study aims to analyze the economic-financial situation of the leading global streaming platforms—Netflix, Amazon Prime Video, Disney+, and HBO Max—during the period 2019-2023. A comparative analysis is conducted using horizontal and vertical financial statement analysis techniques, along with liquidity, solvency, leverage, and profitability ratios to evaluate each company's performance. The results reveal that, while all platforms have strengthened their capital and expanded their subscriber base, significant differences exist in their business models. Netflix and HBO Max stand out for their focus on original content and intangible assets, Amazon leverages physical infrastructure aligned with its diversification strategy, and Disney capitalizes on the recognition of its franchises to reinforce competitiveness. This comprehensive analysis provides strategic insights into the financial dynamics of the streaming sector and offers an academic perspective to understand the differentiated success of these platforms in a market marked by saturation and evolving consumer demands. The research is framed within the context of rapid transformation in the audiovisual sector, driven by technological evolution, shifting consumption habits, and the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. By examining patrimonial and financial structures, the study identifies investment and financing strategies that have enabled these platforms to consolidate their positions in a highly competitive market.







