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http://hdl.handle.net/2183/38991 Características cineantropométricas y rendimiento físico específico en triatletas amateur de media distancia
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Authors
Corredor-Serrano, Luisa Fernanda
Arboleda-Franco, Santiago Adolfo
Manrique-Lenis, Ana María
García-Chaves, Diego Camilo
Shamyr, Aly
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Journal Title
Bibliographic citation
Corredor-Serrano, L.F.; Arboleda-Franco, S.A.; Manrique Lenis, A.M.; Aly Forero, Aly; García-Chaves, D. C. (2024). Características cineantropométricas y rendimiento físico específico en triatletas amateur de media distancia. Sportis Sci J, 10 (3), 586-602 https://doi.org/10.17979/sportis.2024.10.3.11025
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Abstract
[Resumen]
La evaluación de las diferentes características morfológicas en los deportes de tiempo y
marca como el triatlón se ha relacionado continuamente con el rendimiento físico
específico; sin embargo, el comportamiento de estas variables en la población amateur
no es claro. Por lo tanto la investigación tuvo como objetivo caracterizar la composición
corporal y el rendimiento específico en triatletas amateur de media distancia. Se
evaluaron 72 triatletas de ambos sexos: hombres, edad: 36.8±7.3 años, peso: 72.0±9.5
kg, talla: 172.1±6.7 cm y mujeres, edad: 34.8±6.2 años, peso: 59.2±7.6 kg, talla:
159.6±5.0 cm. La composición corporal se valoró por medio del método antropométrico
y el rendimiento específico a través de tres pruebas relacionadas con los segmentos
específicos del triatlón, utilizando el test de potencia funcional (FTP) en ciclismo, test
de 400m en natación y el test de 3km en atletismo. En el fraccionamiento por 5
componentes se halló para los hombres: porcentaje de piel 4.97±0.40%, grasa
21.64±3.18%, músculo 51.11±3.82%, óseo 11.16±1.69%, residual 11.13±1.83%, y para
las mujeres, piel 5.66±0.44%, grasa 28,31±4.57%, músculo 45.33±4.13%, óseo
10.74±0.64%, residual 9.96±0.94%. En cuanto al rendimiento específico para la
potencia relativa en ciclismo 2.94±0.55 w/kg, el tiempo total en natación 7.50±1.33 min
y en carrera a pie tiempo total 12.51±1.53 min. De lo anterior se pudo concluir que Las
características morfológicas de los triatletas amateur distan a las de triatletas elite a
nivel internacional, con elevados porcentajes de masa grasa y bajos porcentajes de masa
muscular, por lo tanto, el rendimiento específico del triatlón se ve afectado por las
características de composición corporal en dicha población.
[Abstract] The evaluation of the different morphological characteristics in time-based sports such as triathlon has been continuously related to specific physical performance; however, the behavior of these variables in the amateur population is not clear. Therefore, the objective of this research was to characterize body composition and specific performance in amateur middle-distance triathletes. 72 triathletes of both sexes were evaluated: men, age: 36.8±7.3 years, weight: 72.0±9.5 kg, height: 172.1±6.7 cm and women, age: 34.8±6.2 years, weight: 59.2±7.6 kg, height: 159.6±5.0 cm. Body composition was assessed by anthropometric method and specific performance through three tests related to specific triathlon segments, using the functional power test (FTP) in cycling, 400m test in swimming and 3km test in athletics. In the fractionation by 5 components, it was found for men: skin percentage 4.97±0.40%, fat 21.64±3.18%, muscle 51.11±3.82%, bone 11.16±1.69%, residual 11.13±1.83%, and for women, skin 5.66±0.44%, fat 28.31±4.57%, muscle 45.33±4.13%, bone 10.74±0.64%, residual 9.96±0.94%. Regarding the specific performance for relative power in cycling 2.94±0.55 w/kg, total time in swimming 7.50±1.33 min and in running total time 12.51±1.53 min. From the above it could be concluded that the morphological characteristics of amateur triathletes are far from those of elite triathletes at an international level, with high percentages of fat mass and low percentages of muscle mass, therefore, the specific performance of the triathlon is affected by the characteristics of body composition in this population.
[Abstract] The evaluation of the different morphological characteristics in time-based sports such as triathlon has been continuously related to specific physical performance; however, the behavior of these variables in the amateur population is not clear. Therefore, the objective of this research was to characterize body composition and specific performance in amateur middle-distance triathletes. 72 triathletes of both sexes were evaluated: men, age: 36.8±7.3 years, weight: 72.0±9.5 kg, height: 172.1±6.7 cm and women, age: 34.8±6.2 years, weight: 59.2±7.6 kg, height: 159.6±5.0 cm. Body composition was assessed by anthropometric method and specific performance through three tests related to specific triathlon segments, using the functional power test (FTP) in cycling, 400m test in swimming and 3km test in athletics. In the fractionation by 5 components, it was found for men: skin percentage 4.97±0.40%, fat 21.64±3.18%, muscle 51.11±3.82%, bone 11.16±1.69%, residual 11.13±1.83%, and for women, skin 5.66±0.44%, fat 28.31±4.57%, muscle 45.33±4.13%, bone 10.74±0.64%, residual 9.96±0.94%. Regarding the specific performance for relative power in cycling 2.94±0.55 w/kg, total time in swimming 7.50±1.33 min and in running total time 12.51±1.53 min. From the above it could be concluded that the morphological characteristics of amateur triathletes are far from those of elite triathletes at an international level, with high percentages of fat mass and low percentages of muscle mass, therefore, the specific performance of the triathlon is affected by the characteristics of body composition in this population.
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