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https://hdl.handle.net/2183/48601 Efectividad normativa y planificación local en materia de residuos: un análisis empírico del cumplimiento municipal de la ley 7/2022
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SÁNCHEZ GONZÁLEZ, J.; SOBRINO GARCÍA, I. 2026. Efectividad normativa y planificación local en materia de residuos: un análisis empírico del cumplimiento municipal de la ley 7/2022. Actualidad Jurídica Ambiental, n. 168, pp.1-37. ISSN 1989-5666. DOI: https://doi.org/10.56398/ajacieda.00488
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[Resumen]: La aprobación de la Ley 7/2022, de residuos y suelos contaminados para una economía circular, ha reforzado de manera significativa las obligaciones de las entidades locales en materia de gestión de residuos. Entre dichas obligaciones destacan la adopción de ordenanzas municipales adaptadas al nuevo marco normativo y la aprobación de programas de gestión de residuos en los municipios de más de 5.000 habitantes. El presente trabajo analiza el grado de cumplimiento de estas exigencias a partir del estudio de 203 municipios y 48 entidades supramunicipales, seleccionados con criterios de representatividad territorial y poblacional. La investigación examina la actualización normativa de las ordenanzas locales, la existencia y tipología de instrumentos de planificación y su distribución territorial, así como la evolución temporal de ambos instrumentos. Los resultados evidencian una baja tasa de adaptación normativa y una preocupante carencia de planificación municipal, con importantes desigualdades entre comunidades autónomas y una escasa implicación de las entidades supramunicipales. El estudio pone de manifiesto la existencia de una brecha significativa entre el mandato legal y su implementación efectiva a nivel local, lo que plantea importantes desafíos para la consecución de los objetivos de economía circular previstos en la normativa estatal y europea.
[Abstract]: The adoption of Law 7/2022 on waste and contaminated soils for a circular economy has significantly strengthened the obligations of local authorities in waste management. Among these obligations are the approval of municipal bylaws adapted to the new legal framework and the adoption of waste management programmes in municipalities with more than 5,000 inhabitants. This article assesses the level of compliance with these requirements through the analysis of 203 municipalities and 48 supra-municipal entities, selected according to territorial and demographic representativeness criteria. The study examines the updating of local waste by-laws, the existence and typology of planning instruments, their territorial distribution, and their temporal evolution. The findings reveal a low rate of regulatory adaptation and a concerning lack of municipal planning, with significant disparities across autonomous communities and limited involvement of supra-municipal entities. The results highlight a substantial gap between legal obligations and their effective implementation at the local level, raising critical challenges for achieving the circular economy objectives established in Spanish and European waste legislation.
[Abstract]: The adoption of Law 7/2022 on waste and contaminated soils for a circular economy has significantly strengthened the obligations of local authorities in waste management. Among these obligations are the approval of municipal bylaws adapted to the new legal framework and the adoption of waste management programmes in municipalities with more than 5,000 inhabitants. This article assesses the level of compliance with these requirements through the analysis of 203 municipalities and 48 supra-municipal entities, selected according to territorial and demographic representativeness criteria. The study examines the updating of local waste by-laws, the existence and typology of planning instruments, their territorial distribution, and their temporal evolution. The findings reveal a low rate of regulatory adaptation and a concerning lack of municipal planning, with significant disparities across autonomous communities and limited involvement of supra-municipal entities. The results highlight a substantial gap between legal obligations and their effective implementation at the local level, raising critical challenges for achieving the circular economy objectives established in Spanish and European waste legislation.
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