Stability analysis of single-well cylindrical–spherical salt caverns for green hydrogen storage in bedded formations

Abstract

[Abstract]: This study evaluates the viability of single-well spherical–cylinder salt caverns (SWCSs) for green hydrogen storage in bedded salt formations. Using numerical simulations, we demonstrate their ability to store significant volumes of energy, up to hundreds of GWh. SWCSs, designed with a single vertical well to avoid the horizontal drilling and multi-step dilution processes, provide a structurally viable and cost-effective alternative to twowell horizontal caverns (TWHs). These caverns take advantage of the horizontal dimensions of the bedded formations within their vertical constraints. Given the expanding role of hydrogen in global energy systems, the adoption of SWCSs can enhance the storage capacity and operational flexibility of systems associated with the hydrogen economy. Future studies should validate these findings experimentally to promote the implementation of SWCSs.