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https://hdl.handle.net/2183/48288 Transformación digital de PYMES mediante automatización de tareas y uso de inteligencia artificial
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Pérez Fraguela, Eduardo
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Universidade da Coruña. Facultade de Informática
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Abstract
[Resumen]: Este Trabajo de Fin de Grado propone el diseño e implementación de un sistema de automatización integral para pequeñas y medianas empresas (PYMES) mediante el uso de la plataforma low-code n8n e Inteligencia Artificial. El objetivo principal es impulsar la transformación digital de organizaciones con recursos técnicos limitados, abordando la ineficiencia derivada de tareas manuales y repetitivas que son propensas al error humano. La solución técnica se basa en la creación de flujos de trabajo automatizados que actúan como ”bots” o asistentes personales, integrando herramientas de uso cotidiano como servicios de correo, calendarios, sistemas de mensajería y plataformas de gestión documental. Para dotar al sistema de una mayor capacidad cognitiva, se integrarán módulos de IA basados en modelos de lenguaje (LLM), destinados a ala clasificación inteligente de buzones, el resumen de documentos, la extracción de entidades y la generación de respuestas automáticas contextualizadas. La metodología adoptada es de carácter incremental, partiendo de un estudio de caso real en una PYME para identificar cuellos de botella mediante el análisis de procesos AS-IS y TOBE. El proyecto no solo contempla el desarrollo técnico, sino también una evaluación comparativa de diferentes modelos de IA para determinar su eficiencia en costes y precisión dentro del entorno empresarial. Finalmente, se busca cuantificar el impacto de la solución mediante métricas de ahorro de tiempo y reducción de errores, proporcionando una guía metodológica que facilite la escalabilidad y replicabilidad de este modelo en otros entornos de negocio.
[Abstract]: This Bachelor’s Thesis presents the design and implementation of a comprehensive automation system for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) by leveraging the n8n lowcode orchestration platform and Artificial Intelligence. The primary objective is to drive the digital transformation of organizations with limited technical resources, addressing inefficiencies stemming from manual and repetitive tasks that are highly susceptible to human error. The technical solution is based on the creation of automated workflows that function as digital ”bots” or personal assistants. These workflows integrate everyday tools such as email services (Gmail/Outlook), calendars, messaging platforms, and document management systems. To enhance the system’s cognitive capabilities, AI modules based on Large Language Models (LLMs) are integrated for intelligent mailbox classification, document summarization, entity extraction, and the generation of context-aware automated responses. The project follows an incremental methodology, starting with a real-world case study of an SME to identify bottlenecks through AS-IS and TO-BE process analysis. Beyond technical development, the thesis includes a comparative evaluation of different AI models to determine their costefficiency and accuracy within a business environment. Ultimately, the project aims to quantify the system’s impact through metrics such as time savings and error reduction, providing a reusable methodological framework to facilitate scalability and replicability in other business contexts.
[Abstract]: This Bachelor’s Thesis presents the design and implementation of a comprehensive automation system for Small and Medium-sized Enterprises (SMEs) by leveraging the n8n lowcode orchestration platform and Artificial Intelligence. The primary objective is to drive the digital transformation of organizations with limited technical resources, addressing inefficiencies stemming from manual and repetitive tasks that are highly susceptible to human error. The technical solution is based on the creation of automated workflows that function as digital ”bots” or personal assistants. These workflows integrate everyday tools such as email services (Gmail/Outlook), calendars, messaging platforms, and document management systems. To enhance the system’s cognitive capabilities, AI modules based on Large Language Models (LLMs) are integrated for intelligent mailbox classification, document summarization, entity extraction, and the generation of context-aware automated responses. The project follows an incremental methodology, starting with a real-world case study of an SME to identify bottlenecks through AS-IS and TO-BE process analysis. Beyond technical development, the thesis includes a comparative evaluation of different AI models to determine their costefficiency and accuracy within a business environment. Ultimately, the project aims to quantify the system’s impact through metrics such as time savings and error reduction, providing a reusable methodological framework to facilitate scalability and replicability in other business contexts.
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