Sensory processing in people experiencing homelessness in Spain: a pilot study

Abstract

[Abstract] Introduction: People experiencing homelessness (PEH) often live in adverse and changing environments and have high rates of mental illness and social exclusion, factors that could influence information processing. However, it is unknown whether these conditions could be related to sensory processing problems.

Objectives: Analyse sensory processing in PEH.

Methodology: A descriptive cross-sectional study was conducted with 150 participants (mean age of 47.43 ± 10.94 years), using the Adult/Adolescent Sensory Profile and a sociodemographic questionnaire.

Results: PEH aged 18-64 showed significantly higher scores in low registration (M = 36.9), sensory sensitivity (M = 41.1) and sensation avoiding (M = 45.5) compared to the control group (p < 0.001), suggesting a distinct form of sensory processing in this population.

Discussion: These results may be linked to factors such as chronic exposure to unpredictable and stressful situations, as well as to the presence of diverse mental health issues.

Conclusion: It is important to consider the sensory characteristics of this population when designing person-centered interventions, in order to reduce social isolation and promote self-regulation strategies, environmental adaptation and greater occupational participation.