Pobres ou sen traballo: situación actual dos traballadores en España

Abstract

[Resumo] A finalidade deste traballo é analizarmos como, nos últimos tempos, se foi producindo unha regresión nos dereitos sociais recoñecidos aos traballadores en España pola Constitución. Isto veuse propiciado polas políticas lexislativas fundadas en que a maior flexibilidade laboral levaría á creación, ou cando menos ao mantemento, de postos de traballo. Desta maneira, España abandonou os obxectivos de calidade no emprego, o que erosionou importantes elementos de estabilidade no seo da relación laboral. En definitiva, a crise económica pola que está a pasar España favoreceu que o dereito laboral perdese o seu carácter protector e que se incrementase a cifra de persoas desempregadas ou de traballadores pobres. A melloría macroeconómica que se produciu ao longo dos anos 2016 e 2017 non conseguiu que os traballadores abandonasen a situación de crise, xa que o emprego é de moi baixa calidade, temporal, a tempo parcial e moi mal remunerado, polo que poderiamos cualificalo como de traballo precario.

[Abstract] The aim of this work is to analyse how a regression of workers’ social rights has been taking place in Spain. This was encouraged by legislative policies based on the belief that greater flexibility at the workplace would lead to the creation or, at least, the maintenance of jobs. Due to this, Spain has abandoned the targets of employment quality, which has eroded important elements of stability within the labour relationship. In short, the economic crisis that Spain is going through has meant that labour law has lost its protective character, with a rising number of unemployed and/or working poor. The macroeconomic improvement that occurred throughout 2016 and 2017 has nonetheless barely made the workers leave the their crisis status out since employment keeps being of a very low quality, casual, part time and with very low wages. For all that, it could be regarded as we might call precarious work.