Multifunctional graphene quantum dots: A therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases by regulating calcium influx, crossing the blood-brain barrier and inhibiting Aβ-protein aggregation
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Multifunctional graphene quantum dots: A therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases by regulating calcium influx, crossing the blood-brain barrier and inhibiting Aβ-protein aggregationAuthor(s)
Date
2024Citation
Gómez, I. J., Křížková, P., Dolečková, A., Cardo, L., Wetzl, C., Pizúrová, N., Prato, M., Medalová, J., & Zajíčková, L. (2024). Multifunctional graphene quantum dots: A therapeutic strategy for neurodegenerative diseases by regulating calcium influx, crossing the blood-brain barrier and inhibiting Aβ-protein aggregation. Applied Materials Today, 36. https://doi.org/10.1016/J.APMT.2024.102072
Abstract
[Abstract] Multifunctional nanoparticles could be the hallmark for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Dissociation of protein aggregates causing neuronal damage and transfer of specific drugs which can downregulate neuronal excitotoxicity by inhibiting glutamatergic N-Methyl-d-Aspartate-receptors (NMDA) and then reducing calcium influx are among the main factors to consider for proper therapy. Here, we present a multiplatform based on nitrogen-doped graphene quantum dots (NGQDs) with such functionalities. The NGQDs were functionalized with Memantine, the clinically used drug, via covalent and non-covalent coupling, and we confirmed that the pharmaceutical activity was not altered. Apart from that, using xCELLigence technology and flow cytometric analysis of ABC transporter function, we uncovered that the ABC transporters of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) do not affect the ability of NGQD to cross BBB. Surprisingly, this study found that NGQDs have an inhibitory effect on NMDA receptors, thus supporting the action of Memantine. Moreover, NGQDs and their derivatives demonstrated the potential to dissociate β-amyloid aggregates while possessing features suitable for bioimaging in various cell lines.
Keywords
Carbon dots
Memantine
Protein aggregation
Blood-brain barrier
Bioimaging
Memantine
Protein aggregation
Blood-brain barrier
Bioimaging
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Attribution 4.0 International CC BY