Prevalencia y factores de riesgo de la violencia contra la mujer en estudiantes universitarias españolas

Abstract

[Resumen] Se determino la prevalencia y los factores de riesgo asociados a la violencia contra la mujer en una muestra aleatoria estratificada de 1043 estudiantes universitarias espanolas (media de edad de 22,2 anos). A traves de una entrevista realizada por psicologas se recopilo informacion demografica, academica y sobre violencia contra la mujer. La prevalencia de vida de la violencia fue del 15,2%; en el 41,5% de esos casos el maltratador ha sido la pareja, en el 50,9% algun otro hombre y en el 7,6% por ambas fuentes. La prevalencia en ultimo ano fue del 7,1%. Los factores de riesgo identificados fueron tener mas de 19 anos, ingresos familiares anuales superiores a 18.000 €, nivel cultural medio de la familia, residencia familiar urbana y presenciar malos tratos en la infancia o adolescencia. Se concluye que se deberian llevar a cabo campanas de sensibilizacion para prevenir la violencia contra mujer hacia las estudiantes universitarias y establecer servicios de orientacion para aquellas que ya la hayan sufrido.

[Abstract] Prevalence and risk factors of violence against women among Spanish female university students. The prevalence of violence against women and the associated risk factors were determined among Spanish female university students using a stratified random sample of 1043 women (mean age 22.2 years). Demographic, academic and abuse-related information was collected in interviews with female psychologists. The lifetime prevalence of violence was 15.2%; in 41.5% of these cases the abuser had been the woman’s boyfriend or husband, in 50.9% some other male, and in 7.6% abuse by both sources had been experienced. Past-year prevalence was 7.1%. The risk factors identified were age > 19 years, annual family income > € 18,000, medium family cultural level, urban family residence, and childhood or adolescent experience of witnessing abuse. It is concluded that awareness campaigns should be carried out to forestall violence against women targeting female university students, and that counselling services should be established to aid those who have already suffered such violence.